International Tree Day: The crucial role of Andean forests for water and climate

In the context of International Tree Day, celebrated every June 28, the organization Acción Andina has launched an urgent call to raise awareness about the vital importance of Andean forests in generating water, conserving biodiversity, and combating climate change. These ecosystems, which span six countries in the region, are true pillars of the continent's sustainability.

Andean forests play a fundamental role as "natural sponges," capturing moisture and gradually releasing it, ensuring the water supply to millions of people in cities and rural communities. Constantino Aucca Chutas , president of Acción Andina, emphasizes: "The future of water in Latin America depends on Andean forests. Protecting them is protecting ourselves."

In addition to their hydrological function, these forests are highly efficient carbon sinks. A recent study published in Nature Communications revealed that Andean forests capture between 0.67 and 0.8 tons of carbon per hectare per year, a figure that even exceeds the absorption rate of the Amazon (approximately 0.5 tons per hectare). This makes them crucial allies in climate change mitigation.

These ecosystems not only regulate climate and water, but are also home to immense biological diversity, hosting thousands of species of plants, birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, many of them endemic to the Andean region.

Within Acción Andina's restoration efforts, the Polylepis stands out as a key species. This native tree, capable of growing at altitudes of over 3,500 meters, has deep roots and dense foliage that are essential for retaining water, preventing erosion, and protecting watershed headwaters. Other species such as the Alder (Alnus acuminata) and the Sacha Capulí (Prunus serotina) complement this work, promoting local biodiversity.

Since the start of its program in 2019, Acción Andina has restored more than 6,000 hectares of high Andean forests, with an impressive total of more than 12 million trees planted in collaboration with local communities. This work not only contributes to environmental preservation but also strengthens the resilience of populations to the effects of climate change.

The ambitious goal by the end of 2026 is to plant at least 2 million additional trees in the six countries where the program operates: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. The goals will be adapted to the context and capacity of each local partner.

- Support restoration with native species: by contributing with donations, volunteering, or spreading the word about reforestation campaigns that use native trees.

- Choose environmentally responsible products: opt for sustainably sourced food, wood, or textiles certified by standards like FSC or Fair Trade to reduce pressure on ecosystems.

- Demand public conservation policies: participating in consultations, voting informedly, and urging authorities to prioritize protected areas, environmental budgets, and environmental education.

- Andean forest conservation is a commitment that involves us all, an essential step toward ensuring the future of water and biodiversity in Latin America.