Not even inside the house: Heat waves also put seniors at risk indoors.

When we talk about the dangers of heat waves , we often imagine older adults suffering outdoors under the scorching sun. However, studies have confirmed that, even indoors, high temperatures can aggravate chronic health problems, lead to dehydration, and expose us to a dangerous heat wave. This was determined by a recent analysis that examined older adults living alone and how they experienced recent heat waves. And homes turned out to be a major warning sign.

The reason? Many homes aren't equipped to maintain a safe temperature during long periods of extreme heat, and older people's bodies have a harder time responding to the extreme temperatures we're experiencing during the harshest summer months due to climate change.

There are several reasons why homes are unsafe in extreme heat conditions:

• Old buildings , for example; in some regions, many homes lack thermal insulation, air conditioning , or ventilation systems specifically designed to cope with the new heat records because they aren't used to experiencing excessive heat throughout the year. As a result, indoor temperatures can soar during a heat wave.

• Difficulty sweating. It's no mystery that as we age , our body's ability to regulate temperature through sweating becomes less efficient than when we're younger, which increases the risk of problems indoors.
• Medication use. Many medications commonly taken by older adults (for blood pressure , cardiovascular problems, or mood disorders) interfere with the sensation of thirst or temperature regulation, which in turn can pose a risk to their health during heat waves.

• Mobility limitations. Going up and down stairs, or walking to find a cooler spot, can be a challenge in buildings with limited accessibility, especially for those living alone on an upper floor (many apartments, especially in northern Spain, don't have elevators ), leaving our seniors vulnerable in extreme heat.

The data revealed that living alone and spending long periods indoors in hot conditions increase the risk among the older population. Furthermore, age-related physiological deterioration, chronic illness, and social isolation impair older adults' ability to cope with extreme heat waves.

Tips

To avoid heat exhaustion , the risk of falls due to dizziness or fatigue, severe dehydration , or the deterioration of chronic illnesses that may pose a risk during this season, experts recommend:

• Facilitate ventilation and air circulation: ventilate early in the morning and late in the afternoon, when the outside temperature drops. Use fans strategically, avoiding direct air currents in the face of people with respiratory problems, and even install curtains or blinds if necessary.
• Stay well hydrated: drink water regularly , even if you don't feel thirsty, include foods rich in water (fruits, gazpachos, cold broths) and reduce sugary or caffeinated drinks.
• Select appropriate clothing: Wear lightweight, light-colored, breathable clothing (linen or cotton ) and opt for short-sleeved T-shirts or blouses instead of heavy jackets, even in spaces with little airflow.

• Plan your day by avoiding going outside during the hottest hours (usually between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.) and seeking out public spaces with air conditioning (libraries, community centers, or shopping malls) if the temperature at home is difficult to control.
• Develop a support network : maintain frequent contact with neighbors, family members, or caregivers, especially during the hottest days.